Only the Chainguard deployment will be updated

Chainguard deployment completed as well as UBI

Update-all-ecr and auto builds still need to be implemented

build-gdal.sh

1. Select a cache reference

Keep the cache separate from the final runtime image:

• Final image: ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:3.13.3
• Cache image: ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache

Do not use the same registry reference for both the runtime image and the cache. Docker recommends a distinct cache location. Some registries automatically create a repository on the first successful push; others require an administrator to create it first.

2. Authenticate to the registry

Use an approved credential method, preferably a scoped token or CI service credential rather than embedding credentials in scripts.

docker login registry.example.mil

Verify that you are authenticated:

docker info

3. Ensure you have a Buildx builder that supports registry cache

Check existing builders:

docker buildx ls

Create and select a dedicated BuildKit builder if needed:

docker buildx create \
  --name gdal-builder \
  --driver docker-container \
  --use

docker buildx inspect --bootstrap

The docker-container Buildx driver supports the registry cache backend. The default Docker driver supports it only when the containerd image store is enabled. See Docker's registry cache documentation.

4. Create or populate the cache with the first build

There is no separate “create cache” command. The first build exports cache content to the registry reference and effectively creates it.

docker buildx build \
  --builder gdal-builder \
  --platform linux/amd64 \
  --build-arg BUILD_JOBS=8 \
  --cache-from type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache \
  --cache-to type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache,mode=max \
  --tag ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:3.13.3 \
  --push \
  .

On the first execution, the --cache-from reference will not exist. BuildKit continues the build, then publishes the cache through --cache-to. mode=max retains intermediate-stage layers, which is generally appropriate for a multi-stage GDAL build. See Docker's registry cache documentation.

5. Configure the script

Run build-gdal.sh with registry caching enabled:

DOCKERFILE=Dockerfile-v2 \
CACHE_MODE=registry \
CACHE_REF=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache \
IMAGE=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:3.13.3 \
PUSH=true \
LOAD=false \
BUILD_JOBS=8 \
./build-gdal.sh

Subsequent builds import from and update the same cache reference.

Recommended cache naming

Use a dedicated cache tag per stable build stream:

ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache-main
ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache-release
ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache-dev

For a branch-based CI workflow, export to the branch cache but import from both the branch and main caches:

docker buildx build \
  --platform linux/amd64 \
  --cache-from type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache-main \
  --cache-from type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache-feature-x \
  --cache-to type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache-feature-x,mode=max \
  --tag ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:feature-x \
  --push \
  .

BuildKit supports importing multiple caches. Use distinct export references for concurrent or separate build streams so one build does not overwrite another cache’s metadata.

Full build example

CACHE_MODE=registry \
CACHE_REF=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache \
IMAGE=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:3.13.3 \
PUSH=true \
LOAD=false \
BUILD_JOBS=8 \
./build-gdal.sh

DOCKERFILE=Dockerfile-v2 \
CACHE_MODE=registry \
CACHE_REF=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:buildcache-amd64 \
IMAGE=ghcr.io/usace/chainguard-gdal:dev \
PUSH=true \
LOAD=false \
BUILD_JOBS=4 \
./build-gdal.sh

Supported formats

gdalinfo --formats
Supported Formats: (ro:read-only, rw:read-write, +:write from scratch, u:update, v:virtual-I/O s:subdatasets)
  DERIVED -raster- (ro): Derived datasets using VRT pixel functions
  GTI -raster- (rov): GDAL Raster Tile Index (*.gti.gpkg, *.gti.fgb, *.gti)
  SNAP_TIFF -raster- (rov): Sentinel Application Processing GeoTIFF
  GTiff -raster- (rw+uvs): GeoTIFF (*.tif, *.tiff)
  COG -raster- (w+v): Cloud optimized GeoTIFF generator (*.tif, *.tiff)
  LIBERTIFF -raster- (rov): GeoTIFF (using LIBERTIFF library) (*.tif, *.tiff)
  VRT -raster,multidimensional raster- (rw+uv): Virtual Raster (*.vrt)
  NITF -raster- (rw+uvs): National Imagery Transmission Format (*.ntf)
  RPFTOC -raster- (rovs): Raster Product Format TOC format (*.toc)
  ECRGTOC -raster- (rovs): ECRG TOC format (*.xml)
  HFA -raster- (rw+uv): Erdas Imagine Images (.img) (*.img)
  SAR_CEOS -raster- (rov): CEOS SAR Image
  CEOS -raster- (rov): CEOS Image
  JAXAPALSAR -raster- (rov): JAXA PALSAR Product Reader (Level 1.1/1.5)
  GFF -raster- (rov): Ground-based SAR Applications Testbed File Format (.gff) (*.gff)
  ESRIC -raster- (rov): Esri Compact Cache (*.json, *.tpkx)
  AIG -raster- (rov): Arc/Info Binary Grid
  AAIGrid -raster- (rwv): Arc/Info ASCII Grid (*.asc)
  GRASSASCIIGrid -raster- (rov): GRASS ASCII Grid
  ISG -raster- (rov): International Service for the Geoid (*.isg)
  DTED -raster- (rwv): DTED Elevation Raster (*.dt0, *.dt1, *.dt2)
  PNG -raster- (rwv): Portable Network Graphics (*.png)
  JPEG -raster- (rwv): JPEG JFIF (*.jpg, *.jpeg)
  MEM -raster,multidimensional raster,vector- (rw+): In Memory raster, vector and multidimensional raster
  JDEM -raster- (rov): Japanese DEM (.mem) (*.mem)
  GIF -raster- (rwv): Graphics Interchange Format (.gif) (*.gif)
  BIGGIF -raster- (rov): Graphics Interchange Format (.gif) (*.gif)
  ESAT -raster- (rov): Envisat Image Format (*.n1)
  BSB -raster- (rov): Maptech BSB Nautical Charts (*.kap)
  BMP -raster- (rw+v): MS Windows Device Independent Bitmap (*.bmp)
  DIMAP -raster- (rovs): SPOT DIMAP
  AirSAR -raster- (rov): AirSAR Polarimetric Image
  RS2 -raster- (rovs): RadarSat 2 XML Product
  SAFE -raster- (rov): Sentinel-1 SAR SAFE Product
  PCIDSK -raster,vector- (rw+uv): PCIDSK Database File (*.pix)
  PCRaster -raster- (rw+): PCRaster Raster File (*.map)
  ILWIS -raster- (rw+v): ILWIS Raster Map (*.mpr, *.mpl)
  SRTMHGT -raster- (rwv): SRTMHGT File Format (*.hgt)
  Leveller -raster- (rw+v): Leveller heightfield (*.ter)
  Terragen -raster- (rw+v): Terragen heightfield (*.ter)
  netCDF -raster,multidimensional raster,vector- (rw+us): Network Common Data Format (*.nc)
  ISIS3 -raster- (rw+v): USGS Astrogeology ISIS cube (Version 3) (*.lbl, *.cub)
  ISIS2 -raster- (rov): USGS Astrogeology ISIS cube (Version 2)
  PDS -raster- (rov): NASA Planetary Data System
  PDS4 -raster,vector- (rw+uvs): NASA Planetary Data System 4 (*.xml)
  VICAR -raster,vector- (rw+v): MIPL VICAR file
  TIL -raster- (rov): EarthWatch .TIL
  ERS -raster- (rw+v): ERMapper .ers Labelled (*.ers)
  JP2OpenJPEG -raster,vector- (rwv): JPEG-2000 driver based on JP2OpenJPEG library (*.jp2, *.j2k)
  L1B -raster- (rovs): NOAA Polar Orbiter Level 1b Data Set
  GRIB -raster,multidimensional raster- (rwv): GRIdded Binary (.grb, .grb2) (*.grb, *.grb2, *.grib2)
  RMF -raster- (rw+v): Raster Matrix Format (*.rsw)
  WCS -raster- (rovs): OGC Web Coverage Service
  WMS -raster- (rwvs): OGC Web Map Service
  MSGN -raster- (rov): EUMETSAT Archive native (.nat) (*.nat)
  RST -raster- (rw+v): Idrisi Raster A.1 (*.rst)
  GSAG -raster- (rwv): Golden Software ASCII Grid (.grd) (*.grd)
  GSBG -raster- (rw+v): Golden Software Binary Grid (.grd) (*.grd)
  GS7BG -raster- (rw+v): Golden Software 7 Binary Grid (.grd) (*.grd)
  COSAR -raster- (rov): COSAR Annotated Binary Matrix (TerraSAR-X)
  TSX -raster- (rov): TerraSAR-X Product
  COASP -raster- (ro): DRDC COASP SAR Processor Raster (*.hdr)
  MAP -raster- (rov): OziExplorer .MAP
  KMLSUPEROVERLAY -raster- (rwv): Kml Super Overlay (*.kml, *.kmz)
  WEBP -raster- (rwv): WEBP (*.webp)
  PDF -raster,vector- (w+): Geospatial PDF (*.pdf)
  MBTiles -raster,vector- (rw+v): MBTiles (*.mbtiles)
  PLMOSAIC -raster- (ro): Planet Labs Mosaics API
  CALS -raster- (rwv): CALS (Type 1) (*.cal, *.ct1)
  WMTS -raster- (rwv): OGC Web Map Tile Service
  SENTINEL2 -raster- (rovs): Sentinel 2
  MRF -raster- (rw+v): Meta Raster Format (*.mrf)
  PNM -raster- (rw+v): Portable Pixmap Format (netpbm) (*.pgm, *.ppm, *.pnm)
  DOQ1 -raster- (rov): USGS DOQ (Old Style)
  DOQ2 -raster- (rov): USGS DOQ (New Style)
  MFF -raster- (rov): Vexcel MFF Raster (*.hdr)
  MFF2 -raster- (ro): Vexcel MFF2 (HKV) Raster
  GSC -raster- (rov): GSC Geogrid
  FAST -raster- (rov): EOSAT FAST Format
  BT -raster- (rw+v): VTP .bt (Binary Terrain) 1.3 Format (*.bt)
  LAN -raster- (rov): Erdas .LAN/.GIS
  CPG -raster- (rov): Convair PolGASP
  NDF -raster- (rov): NLAPS Data Format
  EIR -raster- (rov): Erdas Imagine Raw
  LCP -raster- (rwv): FARSITE v.4 Landscape File (.lcp) (*.lcp)
  GTX -raster- (rw+v): NOAA Vertical Datum .GTX (*.gtx)
  LOSLAS -raster- (rov): NADCON .los/.las Datum Grid Shift
  NTv2 -raster- (rovs): NTv2 Datum Grid Shift (*.gsb, *.gvb)
  ACE2 -raster- (rov): ACE2 (*.ACE2)
  SNODAS -raster- (rov): Snow Data Assimilation System (*.hdr)
  KRO -raster- (rw+v): KOLOR Raw (*.kro)
  ROI_PAC -raster- (rw+v): ROI_PAC raster
  RRASTER -raster- (rw+uv): R Raster (*.grd)
  BYN -raster- (rov): Natural Resources Canada's Geoid (*.byn, *.err)
  NOAA_B -raster- (rov): NOAA GEOCON/NADCON5 .b format (*.b)
  NSIDCbin -raster- (rov): NSIDC Sea Ice Concentrations binary (.bin) (*.bin)
  CPHD -multidimensional raster- (ro): Compensated Phase History Data Reader
  TileDB -raster,multidimensional raster,vector- (rw+uvs): TileDB
  RIK -raster- (rov): Swedish Grid RIK (.rik) (*.rik)
  USGSDEM -raster- (rov): USGS Optional ASCII DEM (and CDED) (*.dem)
  GXF -raster- (rov): GeoSoft Grid Exchange Format (*.gxf)
  NWT_GRD -raster- (rw+v): Northwood Numeric Grid Format .grd/.tab (*.grd)
  NWT_GRC -raster- (rov): Northwood Classified Grid Format .grc/.tab (*.grc)
  ADRG -raster- (rovs): ARC Digitized Raster Graphics (*.gen)
  SRP -raster- (rovs): Standard Raster Product (ASRP/USRP) (*.img)
  GeoRaster -raster- (rw+s): Oracle Spatial GeoRaster
  PostGISRaster -raster- (rws): PostGIS Raster driver
  SAGA -raster- (rw+v): SAGA GIS Binary Grid (.sdat, .sg-grd-z) (*.sdat, *.sg-grd-z)
  XYZ -raster- (rwv): ASCII Gridded XYZ (*.xyz)
  HF2 -raster- (rwv): HF2/HFZ heightfield raster (*.hf2)
  CTG -raster- (rov): USGS LULC Composite Theme Grid
  ZMap -raster- (rwv): ZMap Plus Grid (*.dat)
  NGSGEOID -raster- (rov): NOAA NGS Geoid Height Grids (*.bin)
  IRIS -raster- (rov): IRIS data (.PPI, .CAPPi etc) (*.ppi)
  PRF -raster- (rov): Racurs PHOTOMOD PRF (*.prf)
  EEDAI -raster- (ros): Earth Engine Data API Image
  DAAS -raster- (ro): Airbus DS Intelligence Data As A Service driver
  SIGDEM -raster- (rwv): Scaled Integer Gridded DEM .sigdem (*.sigdem)
  TGA -raster- (rov): TGA/TARGA Image File Format (*.tga)
  OGCAPI -raster,vector- (rov): OGCAPI
  STACTA -raster- (rovs): Spatio-Temporal Asset Catalog Tiled Assets (*.json)
  STACIT -raster- (rovs): Spatio-Temporal Asset Catalog Items
  GDALG -raster,vector- (rov): GDAL Streamed Algorithm driver (*.gdalg.json)
  E57 -raster- (rovs): ASTM E57 3D file format (image part) (*.e57)
  GPKG -raster,vector- (rw+uvs): GeoPackage (*.gpkg, *.gpkg.zip)
  OpenFileGDB -raster,vector- (rw+uv): ESRI FileGeodatabase (using OpenFileGDB) (*.gdb)
  PLSCENES -raster,vector- (ro): Planet Labs Scenes API
  NGW -raster,vector- (rw+s): NextGIS Web
  PAux -raster- (rov): PCI .aux Labelled
  GenBin -raster- (rov): Generic Binary (.hdr Labelled)
  ENVI -raster- (rw+uv): ENVI .hdr Labelled
  EHdr -raster- (rw+uv): ESRI .hdr Labelled (*.bil)
  ISCE -raster- (rw+v): ISCE raster
  Zarr -raster,multidimensional raster- (rw+uvs): Zarr (*.zarr)
  RCM -raster- (rovs): Radarsat Constellation Mission XML Product
  MiraMonRaster -raster- (rwvs): MiraMon Raster Images (*.rel, *.img)
  HTTP -raster,vector- (ro): HTTP Fetching Wrapper

ogr2ogr --formats
Supported Formats: (ro:read-only, rw:read-write, +:write from scratch, u:update, v:virtual-I/O s:subdatasets)
  MEM -raster,multidimensional raster,vector- (rw+): In Memory raster, vector and multidimensional raster
  PCIDSK -raster,vector- (rw+uv): PCIDSK Database File (*.pix)
  netCDF -raster,multidimensional raster,vector- (rw+us): Network Common Data Format (*.nc)
  PDS4 -raster,vector- (rw+uvs): NASA Planetary Data System 4 (*.xml)
  VICAR -raster,vector- (rw+v): MIPL VICAR file
  JP2OpenJPEG -raster,vector- (rwv): JPEG-2000 driver based on JP2OpenJPEG library (*.jp2, *.j2k)
  PDF -raster,vector- (w+): Geospatial PDF (*.pdf)
  MBTiles -raster,vector- (rw+v): MBTiles (*.mbtiles)
  TileDB -raster,multidimensional raster,vector- (rw+uvs): TileDB
  EEDA -vector- (ro): Earth Engine Data API
  OGCAPI -raster,vector- (rov): OGCAPI
  GDALG -raster,vector- (rov): GDAL Streamed Algorithm driver (*.gdalg.json)
  ESRI Shapefile -vector- (rw+uv): ESRI Shapefile (*.shp, *.dbf, *.shz, *.shp.zip)
  MapInfo File -vector- (rw+uv): MapInfo File (*.tab, *.mif, *.mid)
  UK .NTF -vector- (rov): UK .NTF
  LVBAG -vector- (rov): Kadaster LV BAG Extract 2.0 (*.xml)
  S57 -vector- (rw+v): IHO S-57 (ENC) (*.000)
  DGN -vector- (rw+v): Microstation DGN (*.dgn)
  OGR_VRT -vector- (rov): VRT - Virtual Datasource (*.vrt)
  CSV -vector- (rw+uv): Comma Separated Value (.csv) (*.csv, *.tsv, *.psv)
  GML -vector- (rw+v): Geography Markup Language (GML) (*.gml, *.xml)
  GPX -vector- (rw+v): GPX (*.gpx)
  LIBKML -vector- (rw+uv): Keyhole Markup Language (LIBKML) (*.kml, *.kmz)
  KML -vector- (rw+v): Keyhole Markup Language (KML) (*.kml)
  GeoJSON -vector- (rw+uv): GeoJSON (*.json, *.geojson)
  GeoJSONSeq -vector- (rw+v): GeoJSON Sequence (*.geojsonl, *.geojsons)
  ESRIJSON -vector- (rov): ESRIJSON (*.json)
  TopoJSON -vector- (rov): TopoJSON (*.json, *.topojson)
  OGR_GMT -vector- (rw+v): GMT ASCII Vectors (.gmt) (*.gmt)
  GPKG -raster,vector- (rw+uvs): GeoPackage (*.gpkg, *.gpkg.zip)
  SQLite -vector- (rw+uv): SQLite / Spatialite (*.sqlite, *.db)
  WAsP -vector- (rw+v): WAsP .map format (*.map)
  PostgreSQL -vector- (rw+u): PostgreSQL/PostGIS
  OCI -vector- (rw+u): Oracle Spatial
  OpenFileGDB -raster,vector- (rw+uv): ESRI FileGeodatabase (using OpenFileGDB) (*.gdb)
  DXF -vector- (rw+v): AutoCAD DXF (*.dxf)
  FlatGeobuf -vector- (rw+v): FlatGeobuf (*.fgb)
  GeoRSS -vector- (rw+v): GeoRSS
  VFK -vector- (ro): Czech Cadastral Exchange Data Format (*.vfk)
  PGDUMP -vector- (w+v): PostgreSQL SQL dump (*.sql)
  OSM -vector- (rov): OpenStreetMap XML and PBF (*.osm, *.pbf)
  GPSBabel -vector- (rw+): GPSBabel (*.mps, *.gdb, *.osm, *.tcx, *.igc)
  OGR_PDS -vector- (rov): Planetary Data Systems TABLE
  WFS -vector- (rov): OGC WFS (Web Feature Service)
  OAPIF -vector- (ro): OGC API - Features
  EDIGEO -vector- (rov): French EDIGEO exchange format (*.thf)
  Idrisi -vector- (rov): Idrisi Vector (.vct) (*.vct)
  ODS -vector- (rw+uv): Open Document/ LibreOffice / OpenOffice Spreadsheet (*.ods)
  XLSX -vector- (rw+uv): MS Office Open XML spreadsheet (*.xlsx, *.xlsm)
  Elasticsearch -vector- (rw+): Elastic Search
  Carto -vector- (rw+): Carto
  AmigoCloud -vector- (rw+): AmigoCloud
  SXF -vector- (rov): Storage and eXchange Format (*.sxf)
  Selafin -vector- (rw+v): Selafin
  JML -vector- (rw+v): OpenJUMP JML (*.jml)
  PLSCENES -raster,vector- (ro): Planet Labs Scenes API
  CSW -vector- (ro): OGC CSW (Catalog  Service for the Web)
  VDV -vector- (rw+v): VDV-451/VDV-452/INTREST Data Format (*.txt, *.x10)
  MVT -vector- (rw+v): Mapbox Vector Tiles (*.mvt, *.mvt.gz, *.pbf)
  NGW -raster,vector- (rw+s): NextGIS Web
  MapML -vector- (rw+v): MapML
  Parquet -vector- (rw+uv): (Geo)Parquet (*.parquet)
  Arrow -vector- (rw+v): (Geo)Arrow IPC File Format / Stream (*.arrow, *.feather, *.arrows, *.ipc)
  GTFS -vector- (rov): General Transit Feed Specification (*.zip)
  PMTiles -vector- (rw+v): ProtoMap Tiles (*.pmtiles)
  JSONFG -vector- (rw+v): OGC Features and Geometries JSON (*.json)
  MiraMonVector -vector- (rw+v): MiraMon Vectors (.pol, .arc, .pnt) (*.pol, *.arc, *.pnt)
  ADBC -vector- (ro): Arrow Database Connectivity
  TIGER -vector- (rov): U.S. Census TIGER/Line
  AVCBin -vector- (rov): Arc/Info Binary Coverage
  AVCE00 -vector- (rov): Arc/Info E00 (ASCII) Coverage (*.e00)
  AIVector -vector- (ro): Artificial Intelligence powered vector driver
  HTTP -raster,vector- (ro): HTTP Fetching Wrapper