Improve depth-precision

.gitignore

@@ -10,4 +10,6 @@ CMakeLists.txt
 gltf_to_t3d
 website/html
 *.exe
-*.pak
+*.pak
+docs/_*
+node_modules/

breakingChanges.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Breaking changes
+
+## Precision fix (2026-09-28)
+
+This change increased depth precision, and by extension UV and position too by a bit.
+However some existing bugs had to be fixed that caused a mismatch of units:
+
+### Projection Near/Far
+
+`t3d_viewport_set_projection` and `t3d_viewport_set_perspective` where wrong internally.
+It resulted in a `far` value that was twice as far as it was supposed to be, at least for clipping.
+Please re-adjust to the true value you need, otherwise geometry will clip too early now.
+
+### Fog Range
+
+`t3d_fog_set_range` was internally not correctly mapped to the world-space units.
+This resulted in its near/far to refer to around double the amount.
+Please re-adjust to the true value you need, otherwise fog will be too strong now.
+
+`t3d_fog_set_range` now also requires a viewport to be attached.
+Please do so before a call, and re-set fog for every viewport (e.g. in split-screens).
+
+### Near-Clipping
+
+Before, geometry was clipped against the near-plane,
+now it does so against the cameras eye instead.
+The region between near and the eye will be drawn with a clamped minimum depth value.
+Be aware geometry can now be a lot closer to the camera, and ideally make sure the camera doesn't get too close (which was a good idea before the changes too).
+If you relied on some kind of effect that artificially moved the near-plane further, this is no longer supported.

examples/03_objects/main.c

@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ int main()
     }
     timeUpdate = get_time_ms() - timeUpdate;
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(65.0f), 10.0f, 100.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(65.0f), 10.0f, 200.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     // ======== Draw (3D) ======== //

examples/04_dynamic/main.c

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ int main()
 
     fm_vec3_t camPos = {{sinf(camAngle) * 45.0f, 35.0f, cosf(camAngle) * 60.0f}};
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 10.0f, 150.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 10.0f, 200.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     // transform mesh
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ int main()
     }
 
     // Draw room:
-    t3d_fog_set_range(0.4f, 80.0f);
+    t3d_fog_set_range(0.8f, 160.0f);
     t3d_fog_set_enabled(true);
 
     t3d_light_set_ambient(colorAmbient);

examples/05_splitscreen/main.c

@@ -132,8 +132,6 @@ int main()
     t3d_screen_clear_color(RGBA32(160, 110, 200, 0xFF));
     t3d_screen_clear_depth();
 
-    t3d_fog_set_range(120.0f, 850.0f);
-
     for(int v=0; v<PLAYER_COUNT; ++v)
     {
       T3DViewport *vp = &viewports[v];
@@ -156,6 +154,8 @@ int main()
       t3d_viewport_look_at(vp, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
       t3d_viewport_attach(vp);
 
+      t3d_fog_set_range(140.0f, 1500.0f);
+
       // if you need directional light, re-apply it here after a new viewport has been attached
       //t3d_light_set_directional(0, colorDir, &lightDirVec);
       t3d_matrix_push_pos(1);

examples/08_animation/main.c

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ int main()
     camPos.v[1] = camTarget.v[1] + 45;
     camPos.v[2] = camTarget.v[2] + 65;
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 10.0f, 150.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 10.0f, 300.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     // Update the animation and modify the skeleton, this will however NOT recalculate the matrices

examples/10_flipbook_tex/main.c

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ int main()
       colorAmbient[1] = colorAmbient[2];
     }
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_perspective(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), aspectRatio, 10.0f, 150.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_perspective(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), aspectRatio, 10.0f, 250.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     t3d_mat4fp_from_srt_euler(&mapMatFP[frameIdx],
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ int main()
     rdpq_set_fog_color(fogColor);
     rdpq_set_prim_color((color_t){warnBlend, warnBlend, warnBlend, 255});
 
-    t3d_fog_set_range(-20.0f, 50.0f);
+    t3d_fog_set_range(-20.0f, 120.0f);
     t3d_fog_set_enabled(true);
 
     t3d_light_set_ambient(colorAmbient);

examples/11_segments/main.c

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ int main()
     // the skeleton update also stays the same, internally it will handle the switch between buffers
     t3d_skeleton_update(&skel);
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(80.0f), 5.0f, 180.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(80.0f), 10.0f, 200.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     // for our model matrix, determine an index based on the frame...

examples/12_uv_gen/main.c

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ int main()
     }};
     fm_vec3_lerp(&currentPos, &currentPos, &trargetPos, 0.2f);
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 4.0f, 160.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 4.0f, 260.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     t3d_mat4fp_from_srt_euler(&model->modelMatFP[frameIdx],

examples/13_cel_shading/main.c

@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ int main()
     }};
     fm_vec3_lerp(&currentPos, &currentPos, &targetPos, 0.2f);
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 5.0f, 120.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 5.0f, 240.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     t3d_mat4fp_from_srt_euler(&model->modelMatFP[frameIdx],
@@ -231,6 +231,7 @@ int main()
     // ======== Draw ======== //
     rdpq_attach(display_get(), display_get_zbuf());
     t3d_frame_start();
+    rdpq_mode_dithering(DITHER_NONE_NONE);
     t3d_viewport_attach(&viewport);
 
     t3d_screen_clear_color(RGBA32(217, 174, 147, 0xFF));

examples/14_outline/main.c

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ int main()
 
     fm_vec3_lerp(&currentPos, &currentPos, &targetPos, 0.2f);
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 5.0f, 120.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 5.0f, 240.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     float scale = 0.13f;

examples/15_pointlight/main.c

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ int main()
         3.0f, 250.0f
       );
     } else {
-      t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(65.0f), 3.0f, 220.0f);
+      t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(65.0f), 10.0f, 400.0f);
     }
 
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTargetCurr, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});

examples/16_light_clip/main.c

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ int main()
     camPos.v[2] = fm_sinf(angleHor) * fm_cosf(angleVer) * camDist;
     fm_vec3_lerp(&camPosCurrent, &camPosCurrent, &camPos, deltaTime * 5.0f);
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(64.0f), 2.0f, 200.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(64.0f), 5.0f, 320.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPosCurrent, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     // ----------- DRAW (3D) ------------ //

examples/17_culling/main.c

@@ -126,9 +126,9 @@ int main()
     fm_vec3_add(&camTarget, &camPos, &camDir);
 
     if(currentModel == 0) {
-      t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(75.0f), 1.0f, 160.0f);
+      t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(75.0f), 2.0f, 420.0f);
     } else {
-      t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(60.0f), 4.0f, 110.0f);
+      t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(60.0f), 2.0f, 320.0f);
     }
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ int main()
 
     t3d_screen_clear_depth();
 
-    t3d_fog_set_range(37.0f, 180.0f);
+    t3d_fog_set_range(45.0f, 340.0f);
     t3d_fog_set_enabled(true);
 
     t3d_light_set_ambient((uint8_t[]){0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF});

examples/18_particles/main.c

@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ int main()
 
     t3d_mat4fp_from_srt_euler(&matPartFP[frameIdx], particleMatScale.v, particleRot.v, particlePos.v);
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(80.0f), 5.0f, 250.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(80.0f), 7.0f, 420.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     // ======== Draw (3D) ======== //
@@ -275,6 +275,8 @@ int main()
     // so any push/pop here will not affect t3d and vice versa.
     // Also make sure that the first stack operation you do after 'tpx_state_from_t3d' is a push and not a set.
     tpx_matrix_push(&matPartFP[frameIdx]);
+    tpx_state_set_base_size(72);
+
     // While each particle has its own size, there is a global scaling factor that can be set.
     // This can only scale particles down, so the range is 0.0 - 1.0.
     tpx_state_set_scale(partSizeX, partSizeY);

examples/19_particles_tex/main.c

@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ int main()
 
     t3d_mat4fp_from_srt_euler(&matPartFP[frameIdx], particleMatScale.v, particleRot.v, particlePos.v);
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(80.0f), 5.0f, 250.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(80.0f), 7.0f, 420.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     // ======== Draw (3D) ======== //
@@ -317,6 +317,7 @@ int main()
 
     tpx_state_from_t3d();
     tpx_matrix_push(&matPartFP[frameIdx]);
+    tpx_state_set_base_size(72);
     tpx_state_set_scale(partSizeX, partSizeY);
 
     float tileIdx = fm_floorf(timeTile) * 32;

examples/20_mipmaps/main.c

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ int main()
     }};
     fm_vec3_lerp(&currentPos, &currentPos, &trargetPos, 0.2f);
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 14.0f, 240.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 14.0f, 450.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     t3d_mat4fp_from_srt_euler(&model->modelMatFP[frameIdx],

examples/21_fresnel/main.c

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ int main()
     }};
     fm_vec3_lerp(&currentPos, &currentPos, &trargetPos, 0.2f);
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 4.0f, 100.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 6.0f, 200.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     t3d_mat4fp_from_srt_euler(&models->modelMatFP[frameIdx],

examples/22_bigtex/src/scene/camera.cpp

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ void Camera::update(float deltaTime) {
   target.v[1] = pos.v[1] + dir.v[1];
   target.v[2] = pos.v[2] + dir.v[2];
 
-  t3d_viewport_set_projection(viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(70.0f), 4.0f, 180.0f);
+  t3d_viewport_set_projection(viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(70.0f), 5.0f, 360.0f);
   t3d_viewport_look_at(viewport, pos, target, {0,1,0});
 }
 

examples/23_hdr/main.c

@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ int main()
       displayMetrics = false;
     }
 
-    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 2.5f, 150.0f);
+    t3d_viewport_set_projection(&viewport, T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f), 4.0f, 300.0f);
     t3d_viewport_look_at(&viewport, &camPos, &camTarget, &(fm_vec3_t){{0,1,0}});
 
     t3d_mat4fp_from_srt_euler(&rotMatFP[frameIdx],

examples/24_hdr_bloom/src/scene/scenes/sceneEnv.cpp

@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ SceneEnv::SceneEnv()
   bgIndex = 1;
 
   camera.fov = T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(85.0f);
-  camera.near = 1.0f;
-  camera.far = 100.0f;
+  camera.near = 1.5f;
+  camera.far = 200.0f;
   camera.pos = {0.0, 0.0, 20.0};
   camera.target = {0,0,0};
 

examples/24_hdr_bloom/src/scene/scenes/sceneMagic.cpp

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ SceneMagic::SceneMagic()
 {
   camera.fov = T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(75.0f);
   camera.near = 3.0f;
-  camera.far = 200.0f;
+  camera.far = 400.0f;
 
   camera.target = {0,0,0};
   flyCam.camPos = {-50.0, 0.0, 0.0};

examples/24_hdr_bloom/src/scene/scenes/sceneMain.cpp

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ SceneMain::SceneMain()
 
   camera.fov = T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(80.0f);
   camera.near = 5.0f;
-  camera.far = 295.0f;
+  camera.far = 600.0f;
 
   //camera.pos = {0.0, -40.0, -400.0};
   camera.pos = {0, 0, 10};

examples/24_hdr_bloom/src/scene/scenes/scenePixel.cpp

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ ScenePixel::ScenePixel()
 {
   camera.fov = T3D_DEG_TO_RAD(70.0f);
   camera.near = 1.0f;
-  camera.far = 100.0f;
+  camera.far = 200.0f;
   camera.pos = {-50.0, 50.0, 50.0};
   camera.target = {0,0,0};
 

examples/97_cliptest/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+*.actual.png
+*.diff.png

examples/97_cliptest/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+BUILD_DIR=build
+T3D_INST=$(shell realpath ../..)
+
+include $(N64_INST)/include/n64.mk
+include $(T3D_INST)/t3d.mk
+
+N64_CFLAGS += -std=gnu2x -Os $(CT_FLAGS)
+
+src = main.c
+
+all: t3d_97_cliptest.z64
+
+$(BUILD_DIR)/t3d_97_cliptest.elf: $(src:%.c=$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o)
+
+t3d_97_cliptest.z64: N64_ROM_TITLE="Tiny3D - ClipTest"
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR) *.z64
+
+build_lib:
+	rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR) *.z64
+	make -C $(T3D_INST)
+	make all
+
+-include $(wildcard $(BUILD_DIR)/*.d)
+
+.PHONY: all clean