diff --git a/.changeset/bundle-react-compiler-runtime.md b/.changeset/bundle-react-compiler-runtime.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8eced70cf99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/bundle-react-compiler-runtime.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@primer/react': patch
+---
+
+Bundle the React Compiler memo helper (`c`) into `@primer/react` via a local ESM shim instead of importing it from the external `react-compiler-runtime` package. This prevents a runtime crash (`TypeError: (0, l.c) is not a function`) when a consumer's bundle cannot resolve a callable `c`.
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index 8852950f973..b5004376e87 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@
         "react-dom": "^18.3.1"
       },
       "devDependencies": {
-        "@primer/react": "38.35.1",
-        "@primer/styled-react": "1.1.0",
+        "@primer/react": "38.36.0",
+        "@primer/styled-react": "1.1.1",
         "@types/react": "^18.3.11",
         "@types/react-dom": "^18.3.0",
         "@vitejs/plugin-react": "^6.0.2",
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@
       "name": "example-nextjs",
       "version": "0.0.0",
       "dependencies": {
-        "@primer/react": "38.35.1",
-        "@primer/styled-react": "1.1.0",
+        "@primer/react": "38.36.0",
+        "@primer/styled-react": "1.1.1",
         "next": "^16.3.0",
         "react": "^19.2.0",
         "react-dom": "^19.2.0",
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
       "version": "0.0.0",
       "dependencies": {
         "@primer/octicons-react": "^19.28.1",
-        "@primer/react": "38.35.1",
+        "@primer/react": "38.36.0",
         "clsx": "^2.1.1",
         "next": "^16.3.0",
         "react": "^19.2.0",
@@ -22886,6 +22886,7 @@
       "version": "1.0.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/react-compiler-runtime/-/react-compiler-runtime-1.0.0.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-rRfjYv66HlG8896yPUDONgKzG5BxZD1nV9U6rkm+7VCuvQc903C4MjcoZR4zPw53IKSOX9wMQVpA1IAbRtzQ7w==",
+      "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "peerDependencies": {
         "react": "^17.0.0 || ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0 || ^0.0.0-experimental"
@@ -29115,7 +29116,7 @@
     },
     "packages/react": {
       "name": "@primer/react",
-      "version": "38.35.1",
+      "version": "38.36.0",
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
         "@github/mini-throttle": "^2.1.1",
@@ -29135,7 +29136,6 @@
         "hsluv": "1.0.1",
         "lodash.isempty": "^4.4.0",
         "lodash.isobject": "^3.0.2",
-        "react-compiler-runtime": "^1.0.0",
         "react-intersection-observer": "^10.0.3"
       },
       "devDependencies": {
@@ -29158,7 +29158,7 @@
         "@storybook/addon-links": "10.5.7",
         "@storybook/addon-mcp": "^0.7.0",
         "@storybook/icons": "^2.1.0",
-        "@storybook/react-vite": "^10.5.7",
+        "@storybook/react-vite": "10.5.7",
         "@testing-library/dom": "^10.4.0",
         "@testing-library/jest-dom": "^6.4.5",
         "@testing-library/react": "^16.3.0",
@@ -29207,6 +29207,7 @@
         "postcss-preset-primer": "^0.0.0",
         "publint": "^0.3.15",
         "react": "18.3.1",
+        "react-compiler-runtime": "^1.0.0",
         "react-dom": "18.3.1",
         "react-is": "18.3.1",
         "recast": "0.23.7",
@@ -30090,7 +30091,7 @@
     },
     "packages/styled-react": {
       "name": "@primer/styled-react",
-      "version": "1.1.0",
+      "version": "1.1.1",
       "dependencies": {
         "@styled-system/css": "^5.1.5",
         "@styled-system/props": "^5.1.5",
@@ -30108,9 +30109,9 @@
         "@babel/preset-react": "^7.28.5",
         "@babel/preset-typescript": "^7.28.5",
         "@primer/primitives": "10.x || 11.x",
-        "@primer/react": "^38.26.0",
+        "@primer/react": "^38.36.0",
         "@rolldown/plugin-babel": "^0.2.3",
-        "@storybook/react-vite": "^10.5.7",
+        "@storybook/react-vite": "10.5.7",
         "@types/babel__core": "^7.20.5",
         "@types/react": "18.3.11",
         "@types/react-dom": "18.3.1",
diff --git a/packages/react/package.json b/packages/react/package.json
index 1affcd7692b..ef5510d16c6 100644
--- a/packages/react/package.json
+++ b/packages/react/package.json
@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@
     "hsluv": "1.0.1",
     "lodash.isempty": "^4.4.0",
     "lodash.isobject": "^3.0.2",
-    "react-compiler-runtime": "^1.0.0",
     "react-intersection-observer": "^10.0.3"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
@@ -162,6 +161,7 @@
     "postcss-preset-primer": "^0.0.0",
     "publint": "^0.3.15",
     "react": "18.3.1",
+    "react-compiler-runtime": "^1.0.0",
     "react-dom": "18.3.1",
     "react-is": "18.3.1",
     "recast": "0.23.7",
diff --git a/packages/react/rolldown.config.ts b/packages/react/rolldown.config.ts
index e3c65d4e847..bd44b7df39c 100644
--- a/packages/react/rolldown.config.ts
+++ b/packages/react/rolldown.config.ts
@@ -40,13 +40,37 @@ function getEntrypointsFromInput(input: ReadonlySet<string>) {
   )
 }
 
+// The React Compiler emits `import {c} from 'react-compiler-runtime'`. Alias it
+// to a local ESM shim that is bundled into the output, so the memo helper is
+// self-contained instead of an external CommonJS dependency that can fail to
+// resolve a callable `c` in a consumer's bundle.
+const reactCompilerRuntimeShim = path.resolve('src/utils/react-compiler-runtime.ts')
+
+function reactCompilerRuntimeAlias() {
+  return {
+    name: 'react-compiler-runtime-alias',
+    resolveId(source: string) {
+      if (source === 'react-compiler-runtime') {
+        return {id: reactCompilerRuntimeShim, external: false}
+      }
+      return null
+    },
+  }
+}
+
 const dependencies = [
   ...Object.keys(packageMetadata.peerDependencies ?? {}),
   ...Object.keys(packageMetadata.dependencies ?? {}),
   ...Object.keys(packageMetadata.devDependencies ?? {}),
-].map(name => {
-  return new RegExp(`^${name}(/.*)?`)
-})
+]
+  // `react-compiler-runtime` is aliased to a local shim and bundled, so it must
+  // not be external.
+  .filter(name => name !== 'react-compiler-runtime')
+  // Anchor to a package-name boundary so a name isn't treated as a prefix of
+  // another (e.g. `react` must not match `react-compiler-runtime`).
+  .map(name => {
+    return new RegExp(`^${name}($|/)`)
+  })
 
 const external = [
   // Exclude package dependencies
@@ -66,6 +90,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
   {
     input,
     plugins: [
+      reactCompilerRuntimeAlias(),
       babel({
         include: /\.(?:js|jsx|ts|tsx)$/,
         exclude: /node_modules/,
diff --git a/packages/react/script/react-compiler.mjs b/packages/react/script/react-compiler.mjs
index 74ee5a4e7e0..4aeef8d1cff 100644
--- a/packages/react/script/react-compiler.mjs
+++ b/packages/react/script/react-compiler.mjs
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ const unsupportedPatterns = [
   'src/internal/hooks/useDevOnlyEffect.ts',
   'src/stories/deprecated/ActionList.stories.tsx',
   'src/utils/StressTest.tsx',
+  'src/utils/react-compiler-runtime.ts',
   'src/utils/use-force-update.ts',
 ]
 
diff --git a/packages/react/src/utils/__tests__/react-compiler-runtime.test.tsx b/packages/react/src/utils/__tests__/react-compiler-runtime.test.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b40e0b8ed0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/react/src/utils/__tests__/react-compiler-runtime.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import {describe, expect, it} from 'vitest'
+import {renderHook} from '@testing-library/react'
+import {c, useMemoCache} from '../react-compiler-runtime'
+
+const MEMO_CACHE_SENTINEL = Symbol.for('react.memo_cache_sentinel')
+
+describe('react-compiler-runtime shim', () => {
+  it('exports a callable `c` (the compiler memo helper)', () => {
+    expect(typeof c).toBe('function')
+  })
+
+  describe('useMemoCache fallback', () => {
+    it('allocates a cache of the requested size seeded with the sentinel', () => {
+      const {result} = renderHook(() => useMemoCache(6))
+      const cache = result.current
+
+      expect(cache).toHaveLength(6)
+      for (let index = 0; index < 6; index++) {
+        expect(cache[index]).toBe(MEMO_CACHE_SENTINEL)
+      }
+      expect((cache as unknown as Record<symbol, unknown>)[MEMO_CACHE_SENTINEL]).toBe(true)
+    })
+
+    it('reuses the same cache across re-renders', () => {
+      const {result, rerender} = renderHook(() => useMemoCache(4))
+      const first = result.current
+
+      rerender()
+
+      expect(result.current).toBe(first)
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/react/src/utils/react-compiler-runtime.ts b/packages/react/src/utils/react-compiler-runtime.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9575eda761f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/react/src/utils/react-compiler-runtime.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import React, {useMemo} from 'react'
+
+// Local replacement for the `c` helper from `react-compiler-runtime`. The build
+// aliases the compiler's `import {c} from 'react-compiler-runtime'` to this file
+// so only `c` is bundled (as clean ESM), instead of externalizing the whole
+// CommonJS package. Mirrors the upstream behavior: prefer React's built-in
+// compiler runtime (React 19+), otherwise fall back to a `useMemo`-backed cache.
+const MEMO_CACHE_SENTINEL = Symbol.for('react.memo_cache_sentinel')
+
+type MemoCache = Array<unknown>
+
+// Exported for testing: the `useMemo`-backed fallback used when React does not
+// provide a built-in compiler runtime.
+export function useMemoCache(size: number): MemoCache {
+  return useMemo(() => {
+    const cache = new Array(size) as MemoCache & Record<symbol, unknown>
+    for (let index = 0; index < size; index++) {
+      cache[index] = MEMO_CACHE_SENTINEL
+    }
+    cache[MEMO_CACHE_SENTINEL] = true
+    return cache
+    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
+  }, [])
+}
+
+const builtinRuntime = (React as typeof React & {__COMPILER_RUNTIME?: {c?: (size: number) => MemoCache}})
+  .__COMPILER_RUNTIME
+
+export const c: (size: number) => MemoCache = typeof builtinRuntime?.c === 'function' ? builtinRuntime.c : useMemoCache