diff --git a/aws_lambda_powertools/utilities/idempotency/base.py b/aws_lambda_powertools/utilities/idempotency/base.py
index 9c8d0d40fab..402944989a2 100644
--- a/aws_lambda_powertools/utilities/idempotency/base.py
+++ b/aws_lambda_powertools/utilities/idempotency/base.py
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ def _process_idempotency(self, is_replay: bool):
                 data=self.data,
                 remaining_time_in_millis=self._get_remaining_time_in_millis(),
             )
-        except (IdempotencyKeyError, IdempotencyValidationError):
+        except (IdempotencyKeyError, IdempotencyValidationError, IdempotencyInconsistentStateError):
             raise
         except IdempotencyItemAlreadyExistsError as exc:
             # Attempt to retrieve the existing record, either from the exception ReturnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure
diff --git a/aws_lambda_powertools/utilities/idempotency/persistence/redis.py b/aws_lambda_powertools/utilities/idempotency/persistence/redis.py
index 7b4688beca7..8dcb727984c 100644
--- a/aws_lambda_powertools/utilities/idempotency/persistence/redis.py
+++ b/aws_lambda_powertools/utilities/idempotency/persistence/redis.py
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 
 from aws_lambda_powertools.utilities.idempotency import BasePersistenceLayer
 from aws_lambda_powertools.utilities.idempotency.exceptions import (
+    IdempotencyInconsistentStateError,
     IdempotencyItemAlreadyExistsError,
     IdempotencyItemNotFoundError,
     IdempotencyPersistenceConfigError,
@@ -409,7 +410,12 @@ def _put_in_progress_record(self, data_record: DataRecord) -> None:
             # - An expired idempotency record that has not been deleted by Cache.
             # In any case, we proceed to retrieve the record for further inspection.
 
-            idempotency_record = self._get_record(data_record.idempotency_key)
+            try:
+                idempotency_record = self._get_record(data_record.idempotency_key)
+            except IdempotencyItemNotFoundError as exc:
+                raise IdempotencyInconsistentStateError(
+                    "save_inprogress and get_record return inconsistent results.",
+                ) from exc
 
             # If the status of the idempotency record is 'COMPLETED' and the record has not expired
             # (i.e., the expiry timestamp is greater than the current timestamp), then a valid completed
diff --git a/tests/functional/idempotency/_redis/test_redis_layer.py b/tests/functional/idempotency/_redis/test_redis_layer.py
index e83d2603b61..73fe145e384 100644
--- a/tests/functional/idempotency/_redis/test_redis_layer.py
+++ b/tests/functional/idempotency/_redis/test_redis_layer.py
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 
 from aws_lambda_powertools.utilities.idempotency.exceptions import (
     IdempotencyAlreadyInProgressError,
+    IdempotencyInconsistentStateError,
     IdempotencyItemAlreadyExistsError,
     IdempotencyItemNotFoundError,
     IdempotencyPersistenceConfigError,
@@ -840,3 +841,86 @@ def test_redis_client_protocol_still_emits_deprecation_warning_on_subclass():
     with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match="RedisClientProtocol will be removed in v4.0.0"):
 
         class MyClient(RedisClientProtocol): ...
+
+
+def test_redis_inconsistent_state_when_record_disappears():
+    redis_client = MockRedis(host="localhost", port="63005")
+    layer = CachePersistenceLayer(client=redis_client)
+
+    mock_event = {"data": "value"}
+
+    # Simulate SET NX reporting an existing key, followed by GET finding no record.
+    redis_client.set = mock.Mock(return_value=None)
+    redis_client.get = mock.Mock(return_value=None)
+
+    with pytest.raises(IdempotencyInconsistentStateError):
+        layer.save_inprogress(mock_event, 1000)
+
+
+def test_redis_inconsistent_state_preserves_original_exception():
+    redis_client = MockRedis(host="localhost", port="63005")
+    layer = CachePersistenceLayer(client=redis_client)
+
+    mock_event = {"data": "value"}
+
+    redis_client.set = mock.Mock(return_value=None)
+    redis_client.get = mock.Mock(return_value=None)
+
+    with pytest.raises(IdempotencyInconsistentStateError) as exc_info:
+        layer.save_inprogress(mock_event, 1000)
+
+    assert isinstance(exc_info.value.__cause__, IdempotencyItemNotFoundError)
+
+
+def test_redis_inconsistent_state_retries_and_executes_function():
+    redis_client = MockRedis(host="localhost", port="63005")
+    layer = CachePersistenceLayer(client=redis_client)
+
+    mock_event = {"id": 1}
+    execution_count = 0
+
+    original_set = redis_client.set
+    set_calls = 0
+
+    def mock_set(*args, **kwargs):
+        nonlocal set_calls
+        set_calls += 1
+
+        # First SET NX: simulate an existing record.
+        if set_calls == 1:
+            return None
+
+        # Subsequent SET: allow the retry to succeed.
+        return original_set(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    original_get = redis_client.get
+    get_calls = 0
+
+    def mock_get(*args, **kwargs):
+        nonlocal get_calls
+        get_calls += 1
+
+        # The record expires between SET NX and GET.
+        if get_calls == 1:
+            return None
+
+        return original_get(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    redis_client.set = mock_set
+    redis_client.get = mock_get
+
+    @idempotent_function(
+        data_keyword_argument="order",
+        persistence_store=layer,
+    )
+    def process(order):
+        nonlocal execution_count
+        execution_count += 1
+        return "ok"
+
+    result = process(order=mock_event)
+
+    assert result == "ok"
+    assert execution_count == 1
+    assert set_calls >= 2
+    assert get_calls >= 1